Analysis Of The Documentary Welcome On Lagos - 1328 Words

In the documentary series, Welcome to Lagos, gives the audience a chance to observe the daily lives of the people living Makoko. Makoko is a city that was primarily established as a fishing village; eventually people began to form a society that was needed. As Makoko began to develop, it was seen as an informal city that was created in its separation from Lagos. Usually for a city to form, there are certain structures and belief systems that are put into place as organizing principles of society. Wherein, the first part of the film showcases the society of Makoko, as it began to build a small community and eventually expanding into a larger city. The informal city had begun to create formal social relations between individuals who shared a distinctive culture and political institutions within that society. One way to critique the informal city is through the popular culture. The mainstream form of popular culture is opposite to the counterculture of informal cities. The establishment of the Makoko community is embedded within, but outside of, the dominant society. The people of Makoko turned the slums, the undesirable by-products of popular culture (ecological problems from formal city production), into places of opportunities that held economic value and bonding social relations. By looking at the counterculture of Makoko, one can see that the foundations of the informal city develop into an informal, community based government. The community has no set government,Show MoreRelatedAn Assessment of the Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Nigerian Society: the Examples of Banking and Communication Industries18990 Words   |  76 PagesLength Research Paper An assessment of the impact of corporate social responsibility on Nigerian society: The examples of banking and communication industries Adeyanju, Olanrewaju David Department of Financial Studies Redeemer’s University, km 46, Lagos Ibadan Expressway Mowe, Ogun State E-mail: davfol@yahoo.com, Tel No.: 07037794073 Accepted 30 January, 2012 In the Nigerian society, Corporate Social Responsibilities [CSR] has been a highly cotemporary and contextual issue to all stakeholdersRead MoreOnline Admission Processing System5069 Words   |  21 Pagesmanagement in the University; it will help in planning, decision making and implementation. As an organizational resource, records serve many functions in the operation of an establishment such as a university admission unit. Records represent all documentary materials such as correspondence, forms, reports, drawings, maps, photographs, and appear in various physical forms, e.g., paper, cards, microfilm, tape, CD-ROM, etc., which can be preserved for short or long periods. According to Popoola (2000)Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslamentable. Taken together, the key themes and processes that have been selected as the focus for each of the eight essays provide a way to conceptualize the twentieth century as a coherent unit for teaching, as well as for written narrative and analysis. Though they do not exhaust the crucial strands of historical development that tie the century together—one could add, for example, nationalism and decolonization—they cover in depth the defining phenomena of that epoch, which, as the essays demonstrate

My Observation During The Internship Period - 1341 Words

In my observation during the internship period, I do not think that the regulatory system is effective enough to maintain its quality and five-star rating at CMS’s nursing home compare. Although the facility needs to operate under internal and external regulatory system. On the internal regulatory mechanism, it has been discussed more or less in the governance section. Quarterly visits are conducted by the corporate corporate office to assess the quality of service and even by the owner herself. The corporate office does follow up on the budget reports and organizes internal audit. Externally, the organization is under the supervision of State Health Department; hence, it follows the provisions for Medicare and Medicare under Federal and†¦show more content†¦9) Person Centeredness How person-centered is this organization? Are there components that are more or less person-centered? How is person-centeredness facilitated? What are the barriers? 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Social Enterprise free essay sample

Nowadays, with the continuous rapid economic development, the profit distribution in social enterprises has become more and more prominent. Distributing profit wisely has become an important starting point for a social enterprise’s management and operation. The executors of social enterprises hope to get a more perfect method to distribute profit so that they can make more reasonable operation plans. Practically, a reasonable distribution of profits is the guarantee for the sustainable development of social enterprises. Because of the career of my mom(i. e. she is a business executor), I find it very interesting to learn some financial distribution patterns in enterprise. That is my motivation for doing this research. 1. 0 Introduction Profits and surplus are the two core driving forces for the development of social enterprises. People always discuss these two different concepts. As the enterprises continue to grow, social enterprises start to pay more attention to the distribution of profits. When Charles Leadbeater (1997) proposed the concept of â€Å"social entrepreneur† in 1997, social enterprise was only in its infancy. 14 years have passed since people began to pay attention to social enterprises. Today, social enterprises are widely organized. Social enterprises are businesses with social objectives, and the profits they make usually are used for their social objectives. Social enterprises have to self-finance, and the money they raise is used to pay for employee wages and carry on operational activities. Thus, the profit distribution is very important to the development of a social enterprise. Laville and Nyssens’s view is that the distribution of the profits should be fitted to the social enterprise or local community. (Laville Marthe, 2001,p. 312-332) They believe that the profits must be managed independently and cannot be owned by the government or individuals. The distribution of profits must be reasonable either for the development of social enterprises itself or in the return given to community. For social enterprises, as one form of various enterprises, the pursuit of profit is not contrary to its social purpose. For social enterprises, surplus is always used for reinvestment to expand local community commerce or promote the development of local community. As long as social enterprises have sufficient profits, they can better survive and develop fast; which will promote the commercial development of local community. After comparing these two viewpoints, I prefer the latter. According to the analysis based on today’s society, we cannot restrict social enterprises from pursuing profits and limit them to do business of non-profit nature only. The excessive emphasis on non-profit will affect the establishment and development of social enterprises. In general, a social enterprise must solve the problem of profit distribution so that it can be in a healthy and rapid development. We will discuss these issues further in this paper by analyzing with concrete examples. These examples will talk about the government policy, the development of market economy, and the impact of profit distribution in social enterprises on social economy, the impact of social enterprise on environment, how social enterprises assume their social responsibility, how social enterprises can better develop sustainably and so on. 2. 0 Objective of the study The purpose of establishing enterprises is to make profits. The main differences between business enterprises and social economic organizations are the purpose of business activities and profit distribution. Unlike traditional non-profit organizations, social enterprises are directly engaged in production or sales, paying wages and etc. (Kong, 2008) In my opinion, a social enterprise is a special complex combined with business enterprises and non-profit organizations; hence, social enterprises pay attention to the distribution of profits. Marx offered two different ways of thinking about the relationship between surplus value and profit: 1. Profit is realized surplus value. (Marx, 1976,p. 232-54) 2. Profit is the mask behind which the bourgeoisie conceals the exploitation involved in the extraction of surplus value. (Marx, 1976,p. 232-56) In summary, according to Marx’s definition, we can conclude: all profits are derived from surplus value, but not all surplus value are profits. Therefore, social enterprises pay more attention to profit, and consequently the profit distribution is more important in social enterprises. My objective of studying profit distribution in social enterprises is to demonstrate that social enterprises can take their social responsibilities better while continuing the pursuit of profit. For instance, as the pattern of profit distribution in one social enterprise has shown, the proportion of profit that is used for internal operation is greater than the proportion that is used for external donation or return to the community/society. Only by having this proportion ratio can a social enterprise ensures that it has sufficient funds to expand production and carry on daily operation. While the social enterprise keeps expanding, its profit will increase; therefore, the funds that are used for community investment will increase as well according to the proportion ratio. 3. 0 literature review In order to analyze my research accurately, I have searched many related articles and read them. They have helped me understand the specialized vocabularies and terms more accurately and also have provided theory basis for my research. The first article that I read first was â€Å"The Rise of the Social Entrepreneur†, written by Leadbeater. This article firstly proposed the concept of social enterprises in 1997. It clearly explained the reasons for the establishment of social enterprises and purposes for establishment. It first defined social enterprises. After reading it, I started to have original understanding of social enterprises: the initial purpose of establishing social enterprises was to better contribute to the community; and the first social enterprises were non-profit organizations. After I had basic understanding of social enterprises, I continued and read â€Å"Efficiency in Fundraising and Distributions to Cause-related Social Profit Enterprises† (Philip Patrick L, 2011). This article vividly described the profit sources of social enterprises and orgazation’s specific operational flow. Then I had a preliminary understanding of the profit distribution in social enterprises. Next, I read â€Å"The Social Enterprise towards a Theoretical Socio-Economic Approach† (2001), written by Laville and Nyssens. In the article, the authors discussed the social enterprises’ objectives and profit. The authors pointed out that social enterprises need to be managed independently, and the internal and external profit should have a reasonable ratio between them in order to achieve sustainable development. In Heckl’s article, â€Å"Practices and Policies in the Social Enterprise Sector† (2006), the author argued that the majority of profit in social enterprises should be returned to the community/society. The article briefly analyzed the proportion ratio of internal and external profit distribution. In addition, in a second article, â€Å"The Diverse World of Social Enterprise† (JohnBob, 2006, p361-375), the author discussed some core problems in social enterprises. The article pointed out the difference between current social enterprises and original ones; current social enterprises have started to seek profit in order to promote the organization’s development. Next, in Harding Rebecca’s article, â€Å"Social Enterprise: The New Economic Engine? †(Business Strategy Review, 2004), the author discussed the needs of social enterprises for social values and economic creation and the functions that social enterprises play in these two sectors. The article also pointed out that social enterprises having mixed profit sources often create more employment opportunities and develop faster than those having only single profit source. Thereafter, in the article â€Å"A Framework for the Governance of Social Enterprise† (International Journal of Social Economics, 2006), the author Low Chris described two different modes of governance within social enterprises. He discussed the two different management models within for-profit enterprises and non-profit enterprises separately. I referred to this article to study the internal profit distribution ratio in social enterprises. The article, â€Å"Should I stay or should I go now? Investigating the Intention to quit of the Permanent Staff in Social Enterprises† (European Management Journal, 2010), was written by Marc and Maryline. It argued that the mobility of social enterprises employees was great due to the fact that they had low turnover. This article helps me to analyze the internal profit distribution in social enterprises. Finally, in ManMohan S and Christopher S’s article, â€Å"Social Enterprises as Supply-chain Enables for the Poor†(Soci0-Economic Planning Science, 2011), the authors demonstrated how social enterprises can improve the living standard of the poor. Part of the external profit distribution of social enterprises is assigned to the poor or ordinary people as financial credits, which eventually helps improve the poor’s quality of life. 4. 0 conceptual frameworks In the study of profit allocation in social enterprises, we need to understand the relationship and interaction between the pattern of profit distribution and individuals, enterprises, community and society. While analyzing the profit distribution of enterprises, we must analyze both its internal and external profit distribution. All these analysis aims to maintain the sustainable development of social enterprises, to bring more benefits to the community, and to guide social enterprises to better bear the social responsibilities. Here is a simple concept sketch: ? 5. 0 Research Question There are two types of social enterprises in community commerce: for-profit social enterprises and non-profit social enterprises, respectively. For-profit social enterprises actively create social value and accumulate a large number of personal wealth at the same time. They strive to make profits. Though they do not directly contribute to the community, they do play a good role in promoting the development of community economy. At the other hand, non-profit social enterprises participate in business activities mostly for social welfare that directly benefits the local community. The profits made by non-profit social enterprises will be returned to the community and local government and be used to support the local economic development. Therefore, a reasonable distribution of profits can lead to better development of social enterprises and promote the development of community commerce. â€Å"People in business today agree with that social and environmental sustainability will be the defining business drivers for multinational corporations in the first part of the 21st century. †(Laszlo, 2008,p. 11-20) Now corporate social responsibility (CSR) in social enterprises has a new definition; it is no long only engaged in the traditional philanthropy. Social enterprises’ principal social responsibility is to create profit and promote economic growth. The healthiest developing model for a social enterprise is to fulfill its social goals and responsibilities while it is pursuing profits. The profit allocation in social enterprises should be used mainly for excess production, promoting community commerce and improving the local economic environment. Therefore, the MRE study is designed to illustrate the following objectives: 1. the rationality of social enterprises pursuing profit; 2. the direction of profit distribution in social enterprises; 3. the relationship between profit distribution and social responsibilities of social enterprises; 4. how to balance the internal and external profit distribution in social enterprises; 5. the reasonable ratio of profit distribution. 6. 0 research approach and methodology I will apply both quantitative and qualitative approaches to analyze my research. This hybrid approach is more conducive to information collection; which is advantageous to the completion of my research. By using the quantitative method, I can refer directly to specific existing network data and start analyzing; hence, I can learn the pattern of profit distribution in widely ranged social enterprises. However, the data collected by this method is only sample data, which cannot be used for detailed analysis of profit distribution. Therefore, I also need to adapt qualitative approach to analyze the detailed information and specific data. The quantitative approach is very different than the qualitative approach. By using the qualitative method, I can interpret my research analysis more straightly. I can create interviews by practicing this method and hence I can collect data from the employees of social enterprises, which helps me to learn the internal profit distribution of the social enterprises. Since my MRE research needs me to provide many specific examples to demonstrate, the qualitative and quantitative approaches surely contribute to collect and analyze these specific examples. 6. 1 Research Design: I will complete my MRE research by taking six steps in sequence: 1. Identify and define my MRE topic. 2. Select the articles and determine data collection 3. Apply both the qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data. 4. Interview with social enterprises and collect data carefully on-site 5. Assess and analyze data 6. Prepare a data report 6. 2 Research participants I prepare to use questionnaire to survey 100 employees working in social enterprises. The major participants are going to be general staff and managers. I will classify those under two categories and also classify their views respectively. Then I will summarize and analyze their opinions separately; then I will create a concrete column chart to analyze 6. 3 research tools First, I will choose 5 social enterprises as representatives to complete the survey. For enterprises which are close, I will personally go and assign 70 questionnaires. Then I will pick up the people of whom I want to have a further investigation and have a face-to-face discussion with them. During the discussion, I will talk about the direction and proportion ratio of the profit distribution in the social enterprises with the selected employees and managers. By doing so, I can learn their distinct views and focuses. For these enterprises that I cannot go personally, I will send emails to them so as to complete the rest 30questionnaires. Then I single out the people who have interest in my research and continue my investigation with them. 6. 4 ethics I will be responsible for the information that respondents provide and reserve this information only with their permission. Also, I promise that the data will only be used for agreed research. For these managers who are willing to provide detailed internal profit distribution information, I will sign a confidentiality agreement with them. I guarantee that their internal information will not be displayed because I only conduct this research for my MRE study. All I need is to analyze and summarize the proportion ratio of profit distribution in the social enterprises. 6. 5 data analysis I will record the conversation that I have with face-to-face respondents and then make specific analysis on them. The face-to-face conversation will provide me more detailed information that I need. I will organize the face-to-face respondents together with the social enterprise staff who discuss with me effectively via email into a group and divide them into two categories: general staff and managers. There will be 11 questions in the questionnaire, of which three are open questions. After receiving the questionnaires, I will summarize the information collected in forms and column charts. After analysis, I will combine all the useful and relevant information; which will be later used for supporting evidence of my report. 6. 6 Limitations of the Study 1. My research design is too comprehensive and therefore I might lose some cognitive or problems. 2. Not everyone will cooperate with my investigation, and I need to filter out error messages from the information collected. It may take a long time. 3. It takes a long time communicate in order to get accurate internal information of social enterprises. 4. This research design needs monetary support. 7. 0 Conclusion Social enterprises are in transition; their influence is widely recognized and expanded. For social enterprises continue to grow and make more contribution to the society, they need to address a series of problems such as the lack of strategic plan, inefficient financial plan, in sufficient capital investment, training issue and so on. The root of these problems is the unreasonable profit distribution. Hence, it is necessary for social enterprises to face their problem with profit distribution. Social enterprises do not have a fixed pattern of profit distribution; they need to make the reasonable profit distribution according to the existing situation of their development. The profit allocation in social enterprises needs to take account of the external and internal profit distribution as well as sustainable development and etc. Such reasonable profit distribution needs to meet the interests of social enterprises and local community. The ultimate goal of this study is to find a reasonable profit distribution model for social enterprises and to prove that social enterprises bring economic benefits to community while in the pursuit of profit. A reasonable proportion ratio of internal and external profit distribution contributes to social enterprises’ reproduction and expansion of production; which indirectly contribute to accomplish social responsibilities of social enterprises. 8. 0 References Leadbeater, C (1997) The Rise of the Social Entrepreneur, Demos 1997, From: Http://www. demos. co. uk/publications//socialentrepreneur Eva Heckl. (2006). Practices and Policies in the Social Enterprise Sector Laville, j. -L. , Marthe, Nyssens (2001). The Social Enterprise towards a Theoretical Socio-Economic Approach. The Emergence of Social Enterprise, Routledge, PP. 312-332. Kong. (2008). International journal of management reviews; Sep2008, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p281-299, 19p Marx’s falling rate of profit: a dialectical view’ from the Canadian Journal of Economics, IX (2), May 1976, pp. 232-54 Marx’s falling rate of profit: a dialectical view’ from the Canadian Journal of Economics, IX (2), May 1976, pp. 232-56 Laszlo, C. (2008). Sustainable Value: How the Worlds leading Companies Are Doing Well by Doing Good, Stanford Business Books, p. 11-20 Low, Chris, (2006). International Journal of Social Economics; 2006, Vol. 33 Issue 5/6, p376-385, 10p, 1 Chart Ohana, Marc Meyer, Maryline, (2010). European Management Journal; Dec2010, Vol. 28 Issue 6, p441-454, 14p Sodhi, ManMohan S Tang, Christopher S, (2011). Socio-Economic Planning Sciences; Dec2011, Vol. 45 Issue 4, p146-153, 8p Doug Lionais. (2002). The Mondragon Cooperative Corporation as Community Business. C Christensen, (2003). The Innovators Solution: Creating and Sustaining Successful Growth, Harvard Business SchoolPress. Sociology 382 Professor: Dawn Currie Assignment 4: Research Proposal Research on the Profit Distribution in Social Enterprises Locating in Vancouver Area TA: Heather Holroyd Name: Wanlu Hu Student #:57215105 Date: December 13th, 2013 Department of Sociology 6303 N. W. Marine Drive Vancouver, B. C. Canada V6T 1Z1 Tel: 604-822-2878 Fax: 604-822-6161 www. soci. ubc. ca Letter of CONSENT ?Research on Profit Distribution in Social Enterprises Locating in Vancouver Area Undergraduate Student: WanLu Hu, in the Department of Math Contact: [emailprotected] ca, (778) 996-3306 Purpose: The purpose of this research study is to learn about the profit distribution of social enterprises, and how the profit allocation helps or protects the enterprising from growing strong. This study will demonstrate what roles the social enterprises play in the society and will recommend some changes that social enterprises could adopt for sustainable development. This study is being conducted in Downtown Vancouver Granville Street . I (Wanlu Hu) will be interviewing about 10 individuals who are working in a company and have some understanding about the profit distribution of their companies. Study Procedures: You will be asked to give approximately 20 to 30 minutes of your time to participate in this interview. With your permission, the interview will be audio-recorded so that I can represent what you have told me as accuriately as possible. I may also jot down words throughout the interview to remember to ask you about specific points. I am happy to answer any questions you have about the procedures at any time. There are no known risks associated with you in participating in this study and the information you share will help me to make recommendations based on people’s actual experiences with immigration and settlement programs. Confidentiality: Your identity will be kept strictly confidential and will not be shared with anyone. All interview audio-recordings and documents will be assigned and identified by a code number, and all documents, including the transcript of the interview, will be kept on my password-protected computer. I am the only person who will have access to the identities of study participants. You will not be identified by name in any reports of the completed study and I will change all revealing details in order to protect your identity. Withdrawal of consent: You may choose to withdraw your consent at any time during the interview, and for up to a month after the interview has been completed. If you decide that you do not want to participate in this study I will delete the audio-recording and any information you have already given. Payment: You will not receive any money for participating in this interview. Study results: The findings of this study will be kept within the Department of Sociology and may be published in Sociology 382 course material. If you would like to receive a copy of the findings, please indicate your email address below and I will send you the findings when the research is complete (approximately two weeks later). There is a chance that the information you share in this interview might be included in future research projects. Contact for information about the study: If you have any questions or would like further information about this study, you may contact me via email at [emailprotected] ca or by phone at 778-996-3306. Contact for concerns about the rights of research subjects: If you have any concerns or questions about your rights as a research subject or your experience while participating in this study, you may contact the Research Subject Information Line in the UBC Office of Research Services at (604) 822-8598 or via email at [emailprotected] ubc. ca.

The Aurora Gun Issue

Introduction The resilience with which the rights organizations in Colorado have been fighting to block the constitutional restriction on access to guns is perhaps to blame for the recent shooting in Aurora. Following the 1999 Columbine tragedy, most legislators and voters from the Colorado state rose to pass laws that would restrict the sale and carrying of unconcealed weapons.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Aurora Gun Issue specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is a reaction paper on the shooting incident that took place in a multiplex in Denver on 19th July, 2012. The incident that turned fantasy into a real nightmare happened moments after midnight, when a crowd of fans were watching the film dubbed â€Å"the dark night rising.† The Aurora Gun Issue Armed with an â€Å"assault riffle, a short gun and a hand gun†, James Holmes went on a shooting spree killing 12 people and critically injurin g 58 others (Frosch Johnson). The incident prompted lots of questions from civilians fearing for their safety. This was even as constitutional experts maintained that Holmes was legally mandated to possession arms. The question that civilians are now begging answers from the government is how to govern and restrict the growing incidences of misuse of arms. The Colorado state laws on restriction and carrying of weapons and arms are so much laxed. Except on orders of crime, mental disorders and conviction, the Colorado state allows civilians to carry loaded weapons either for self defense or protection of property (Frosch Johnson). There is need for the government to put in place more stringent measures to ensure close monitoring of all armed people including assessing their mental health, restricting the number of ammunitions one can have at a time and ensuring all weapons are licensed. The ease of obtaining weapons permit in Denver is also to blame for the increased acquisition of weapons by civilians. Anyone can acquire a weapon permit by downloading and filling an application form online, and paying $ 152 in fees. The ease of access to guns is bound to breed a national problem on civilians’ safety from those in possession of arms. It is now the turn of presidential candidates to address the electorate on how they intent to address the gun issue as it has now degenerated into a national safety concern. The recent Aurora shooting incident should not be taken just as yet another ordinary scenario as has been for Giffords and Trayvon cases, where the unfolding debate on the incidences could not be sustained for long (Frosch Johnson).Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The war on guns has been ongoing since the 1980s and it seems it has reached some level of complacency and legislators are no longer interested in exploring lasting solution to the growing gun menace. Following the Denver shooting incident, there is so far scrappy information about the attacker, making it difficult to push a strong case against gun possession by civilian. Furthermore, putting restriction on guns alone is not going to reduce crimes related to guns and concealed weapons. There is need to have a total ban on private guns in order to reduce crimes related to misuse of weapons. Police reports indicate that Mr. Holmes had been on an ammunitions buying spree in a period of two months preceding the incident. Besides the gun he used to commit the heinous incident, he had three more guns in his car. During the two months period, Holmes had acquired the four guns online, together with 6,000 rounds of ammunitions and several magazines for the assault rifle (Frosch Johnson). If there was anybody concerned, an alarm would have been raised over the high frequency with which Holmes was acquiring the ammunitions and guns. The government should take this as an eye ope ner and rise to the occasion to protect the innocent civilians from the raging gun violence. Works Cited Frosch, Dan and Johnson, Kirk. Gunman Kills 12 in Colorado, Reviving Gun Debate, 2012 web. 28th July, 2012 https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/21/us/shooting-at-colorado-theater-showing-batman-movie.html?_r=1pagewanted=all This essay on The Aurora Gun Issue was written and submitted by user Rowan G. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.